Vertical Sections

Typical ternary phase diagrams are isothermal and vertical sections. Such diagrams can be of practical applications as well, e.g. making a preliminary determination of the heating temperature for melting, solution treatment, homogenization, and aging for specific alloys.

For other ternary system examples, see Isothermal Sections.

The vertical sections of Cu-Mn-Zn ternary system with 10 wt.% Mn, Cu-Co-Fe ternary system with Fe:Co = 1:3, and Cu-Ce-Ni ternary system with 9 at.% Ce are each calculated using the TCS Cu-based Alloys Database (TCCU). Comparisons between the experimental data and the calculations are included.

When working in Thermo‑Calc with ternary diagrams you use either the Ternary Calculator (in Graphical Mode) or the Ternary module (in Console Mode). The fundamental calculation engine is the same but you access the settings in different ways.

Cu-Mn-Zn

Calculated vertical section 10wt.% Mn in the Cu-Mn-Zn system along with the experimental data.

Figure 1: Calculated vertical section 10wt.% Mn in the Cu-Mn-Zn system along with the experimental data [1927Heu; 1949Gra; 1972Wat].

Cu-Co-Fe

Calculated vertical section Fe:Co = 1:3 (at.%) in the Cu-Co-Fe system along with the experimental data. The red dashed line is the metastable liquid miscibility gap.

Figure 2: Calculated vertical section Fe:Co = 1:3 (at.%) in the Cu-Co-Fe system along with the experimental data [2005Cao]. The red dashed line is the metastable liquid miscibility gap.

Cu-Ce-Ni

The calculated vertical section with 9 at.% Ce in Cu-Ce-Ni system together with the experimental data

Figure 3: The calculated vertical section with 9 at.% Ce in Cu-Ce-Ni system along with the experimental data [2007Wan].

References

[1927Heu] O. Heusler, Über das ternäre System Kupfer-Zink-Mangan. Zeitschrift fur Anorg. und Allg. Chemie. 159, 37–54 (1927).

[1949Gra] T. R. Graham, J. R. Long, C. E. Armantrout, A. H. Roberson, The ternary system, copper-manganese-zinc. Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Met. Pet. Eng. 185, 675–682 (1949).

[1972Wat] H. Watanabe, N. Kono, M. Gonda, A Study of the Phase Diagram of the Ternary Cu-Zn-Mn System (in Japanese). J. Japan Inst. Met. 36, 297–305 (1972).

[2005Cao] C.-D. Cao, G. P. Görler, Direct Measurement of the Metastable Liquid Miscibility Gap in Fe–Co–Cu Ternary Alloy System. Chinese Phys. Lett. 22, 482–484 (2005).

[2007Wan] J. Wang, A. Pisch, R. Flükiger, J. L. Jorda, Phase equilibrium in the cerium-poor Ce–Ni–Cu system. J. Alloys Compd. 436, 161–169 (2007).